空间科学计划的国际合作

空间科学计划是各国航天活动的重要领域之一。与应用卫星和其他卫星计划不同，空间科学卫星的数据具有开放、鼓励全球科学家共同参与和分析的特点。因此，各国的空间科学计划在提出、遴选和执行过程中，往往具有不同程度的国际合作。本书围绕空间科学计划的国际合作，从其重要性、经费来源和利益相关方、促成国际合作成功的要素、不同的国际合作形式，到合作中需要考虑的法律问题和国际合作机构，进行了全面的介绍与论述，并列举了几个重要的国际合作实例。最后，书中对未来国际合作的发展进行了展望。

Foreword i
Preface v
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 The rise of space science 2
1.2 Actors in space science activities 13
1.3 The need for international cooperation 18
1.4 Organization of this book 22
Chapter 2 Fundamental Elements in Space Science Programs 26
2.1 Funding 27
2.2 Bottom-up selection 29
2.3 Scientific excellence 33
2.4 Challenging scientific instruments 37
2.5 System engineering 40
2.6 Maximization of the science output 43
2.7 Data policies 45
Chapter 3 Models for International Cooperation in Space Science 49
3.1 Data sharing 50
3.2 Observing time 52
3.3 Missions of opportunity 54
3.4 Cooperation between programs 56
3.5 Coordination in the long-term strategic plans 59
3.6 Provision of instruments 61
3.7 Joint development of missions 64
Chapter 4 Key Elements for a Successful Cooperation 69
4.1 Science community 70
4.2 Mutual trust 74
4.3 Leadership 78
4.4 Management 81
4.5 Cultural differences 85
4.6 Legal framework 87
Chapter 5 International Organizations for Space Science 94
5.1 COSPAR 95
5.2 IAA 102
5.3 IAF 106
5.4 ISSI 108
5.5 ISSI-BJ 112
5.6 UNOOSA 113
Chapter 6 Examples of Space Science Collaboration Projects 116
6.1 The Halley Comet encounter 117
6.2 HST 121
6.3 Cluster and Double Star 125
6.4 INTEGRAL 128
6.5 Cassini-Huygens 131
6.6 SVOM 134
6.7 SMILE137
Chapter 7 The Future of International Cooperation in Space Science 140
7.1 Important science frontiers need joint efforts141
7.2 Commercial space as a new player 142
7.3 Constellations of small satellites for space science144
7.4 Commercial services for space science147
7.5 Cooperation and competition 149
7.6 Responsibility of science communities150
References 153